Factores explicativos de las actitudes hacia el castigo juvenil. Evidencias de un diseño factorial
- Olalla Baz Cores 1
- Eva Aizpurúa González 1
- Esther Fernández Molina 1
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1
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
info
ISSN: 1130-8001, 1988-3129
Año de publicación: 2015
Volumen: 52
Número: 3
Páginas: 869-895
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Política y sociedad
Resumen
El rol desempeñado por la opinión pública en el desarrollo de la política criminal actual justifica el incremento de investigaciones destinadas a evaluar las actitudes de los ciudadanos hacia el castigo. No obstante, los avances en este ámbito han sido limitados debido a la utilización de rudimentarios instrumentos de medida. Por ello, el presente trabajo tiene como propósito explorar la influencia que tienen ciertas variables referidas al hecho delictivo y al infractor sobre la elección de las penas. Para satisfacer este objetivo se recurrió a un diseño factorial de la encuesta, creando una población de 256 casos-escenario fruto de la combinación de cuatro variables: la edad del joven, su historial delictivo, el grado de implicación en el hecho y el tipo de delito cometido. Los mismos fueron distribuidos en grupos de ocho casos ordenados aleatoriamente y fueron suministrados a 32 sujetos. Posteriormente se aplicaron análisis de regresión logística binaria. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que la naturaleza violenta de los hechos, la implicación activa de los jóvenes y el historial delictivo son predictores importantes de las condenas punitivas. Sin embargo la edad, una variable fundamental en la configuración de la justicia juvenil, no resulta significativa. De este modo, el trabajo muestra el potencial explicativo de este conjunto de factores y debate sus implicaciones teóricas y metodológicas para la investigación futura en este terreno.
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