Gliomas de bajo grado: revisión de 10 años

Resumen

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. Among these, the low-grade gliomas are the most common type, accounting for up to 30-50% of them. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, tumor location, histology, treatment, outcome and long-term sequelae of 111 patients diagnosed with low-grade glioma in the Nino˜ Jesús Children’s Hospital of Madrid from January 2002 to December 2011. Results: Of the 111 patients, there were 57 boys and 54 girls. The mean age was 7.26 years (range, 2 months - 19 years). The most common symptoms of presentation were headache (27%) and vomiting (19%). The most common locations were the cerebral hemispheres (38%), followed by the brainstem (27.4%), and cerebellum (18.5%). Histological examination was performed in 89 patients (80.18%). Pilocytic astrocytoma was the most common histological type. Diagnostic biopsy was performed in 20 patients (22.5%), partial resection in 38 patients (42.7%), and total resection in 31 patients (34.8%). Sixteen patients received chemotherapy (14%), and eighteen patients received radiotherapy (16%). Overall survival was 88.3%. Long term hearing, visual and endocrine sequelae were note in 1, 5, and 4 patients, respectively. Conclusions: The most common histological type is pilocytic astrocytoma. Overall survival was 88.3%. Only 9% of patients had some kind or auditory, visual or endocrine sequelae