Golf players as a customer segmentthe influence of handicap level and residency in customer satisfaction and expenditure
- Ricardo Macías 1
- José Bonal 1
- Iván-Baragaño, I. 1
- León-Quismondo, Jairo 1
- Marta Herráiz 1
- Mercedes Leguina 1
- Javier del Arco 1
- Benito Pérez-González 2
- Pablo Burillo 1
- Álvaro Fernández-Luna 1
-
1
Universidad Europea de Madrid
info
-
2
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja
info
ISSN: 1579-1726, 1988-2041
Año de publicación: 2024
Número: 52
Páginas: 154-163
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación
Resumen
Segmentation has been proven to be one of the best tools to facilitate sports entities' achievement of their goals. The objective of this research was to analyze the influence on customer expenditure and satisfaction for an elite golf event based on segmentation variables such as residence (local vs visitor) and handicap level of the attendees (spectator vs spectator-player). In addition, this research aimed to establish a multivariate model that allows predicting the place of residence and the handicap based on the interaction of the analyzed variables, with the intention to establish a behaviour pattern based on these variables for those attending an elite golf tournament. Results revealed that attendees with a golf handicap exhibited higher satisfaction levels and were more likely to recommend and spend at golf events. On the other hand, non-handicap spectators and those attendees from outside Madrid displayed higher economic expenditure, indicating the importance of meeting their specific needs to achieve positive economic impact results. The decision tree models provided insights into attendee behavior, identifying factors influencing their satisfaction and likelihood to attend again. Factors including future attendance intention, satisfaction with the food court variety, and spending on accommodation and souvenirs were found to be significant predictors of residency and handicap level. In conclusion, this research contributes to the understanding of customer behavior at elite golf events, offering practical implications for event organizers and sport managers.
Referencias bibliográficas
- Agrusa, J., & Tanner, J. (2002). The economic significance of the 2000 buy.Com golf tournament on the Lafayette, Louisiana area. Journal of Sport and Tourism, 7(1), 6-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/10295390208718714
- Akinci, S., Kiymalioğlu, A., & Inana, E. A. (2015). How golf players’ satisfaction from golf experience predicts their loyalty intentions? Mediating role of perceived value. International Journal of Culture, Tourism, and Hospitality Research, 9(2), 117-132. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-04-2014-0033
- Arnegger, J., & Herz, M. (2016). Economic and destination image impacts of mega-events in emerging tourist destina-tions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(2), 76–85. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.11.007
- Benito Colio, B., & Solanellas Donato, F. (2022). Validation of the Trade Policy Sports (TP-SPORTS) instrument for the analysis of the commercial policy of sports centres and clubs. Retos, 46, 104–113. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.92064
- Biscaia, R. (2015). Spectators’ experiences at the sport and entertainment facility: The key for increasing attendance over the season. Sport & Entertainment Review, 1(2), 57–64.
- Butler, R. W. (2019). Contributions of tourism to destination sustainability: golf tourism in St Andrews, Scotland. Tourism Review, 74(2), 235-245. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-12-2017-0197
- Calabuig, F., Burillo, P., Crespo, J., Mundina, J. J., & Gallardo, L. (2010). Satisfaction, quality and perceived value in spectators of athletics. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de La Actividad Física y Del Deporte, 10(40), 577-593.
- Crilley, G., Murray, D., Howat, G., March, H., & Adamson, D. (2002). Measuring performance in operational man-agement and customer service quality: A survey of financial and non-financial metrics from the Australian golf in-dustry. Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, 2(4), 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rlp.5090157
- Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), 193-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00028-2
- Frochot, I., & Morrison, A. (2000). Benefit segmentation: A review of its applications to travel and tourism research. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 9(4), 21-45. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v09n04_02
- Gravetter, F.J., y Wallnau, L.B. (2007). Statistics for the behavioural sciences (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
- Gu, Z., & He, C. (2021). Application of Fuzzy Decision Tree Algorithm Based on Mobile Computing in Sports Fitness Member Management. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4632722
- Hall, J., O’Mahony, B., Hospitality, Julian. V. (2010). An empirical model of attendance factors at major sporting events. International Journal of Hospitality, 29(2), 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.10.011
- Hansen, H., & Gauthier, R. (2021). Spectators’ views of PGA golf events. In A.J. Cochran & M. Farrally (Eds.), Science and Golf II: Proceedings of the World Scientific Congress of Golg. London: Taylor and Francis
- Hudson, S., & Hudson, L. (2014). Golf Tourism. Goodfellow Publishers Ltd.
- Islam, M. S. (2022). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4138643
- Jae Ko, Y., Kyoum Kim, Y., Kil Kim, M., & Hak Lee, J. (2010). The role of involvement and identification on event quality perceptions and satisfaction: A case of US Taekwondo Open. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 22(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555851011013137
- Jang, W., Byon, K. K., & Song, H. (2021). Effect of prior gameplay experience on the relationships between esports gameplay intention and live esports streaming content. Sustainability, 13(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13148019
- Jin, N., Lee, H., & Lee, S. (2013). Event Quality, Perceived Value, Destination Image, and Behavioral Intention of Sports Events: The Case of the IAAF World Championship, Daegu, 2011. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 18(8), 849–864. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2012.711336
- Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal D.K. (2015). Likert Scale: Explored and Explained. British journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396-403. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/14975
- Kim, T. H., Ko, Y. J., & Park, C. M. (2013). The influence of event quality on revisit intention: Gender difference and segmentation strategy. Managing Service Quality, 23(3), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604521311312237
- Lambrecht, K. W., Kaefer, F., & Ramenofsky, S. D. (2009). Sportscape Factors Influencing Spectator Attendance and Satisfaction at a Professional Golf Association Tournament. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 18(3), 165–172.
- Leal-Londoño, M. del P., Travé-Molero, R., Medina, F. X., Abadia-Naudí, S., & Sánchez-Bergara, S. (2021). Sport tourism: an opportunity for local regions in a global context. A Delphi study) Retos, 42, 77–88. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.86696
- Lee, J., & Kang J.H. (2015). Effects of Sport Event Satisfaction on Team Identification and Revisit Intent. Sport Market-ing Quarterly, 24(4), 225-234.
- Lyu, S. O., & Lee, H. (2013). Market Segmentation of Golf Event Spectators Using Leisure Benefits. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.774913
- MacDonald, R. M., MacEachern, M., & Hennessey, S. (2012). Examining Golfer Characteristics: A Framework for Understanding Visitors to a Destination. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1617251
- McCartney, G., Thomas, S., Thomson, H., Scott, J., Hamilton, V., Hanlond, P., & Bond, L. (2010). The health and socioeconomic impacts of major multi-sport events: systematic review (1978-2008). BMJ, 340, c2369. https://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.c2369
- McDonald, M. A., Milne, G. R., & Hong, J. (2002). Motivational Factors for Evaluating Sport Spectator and Partici-pant Markets. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 11(2), 110-113.
- Méndez-Domínguez, C., Gómez-Ruano, M. A., Rúiz-Pérez, L. M., & Travassos, B. (2019). Goals scored and re-ceived in 5vs4 GK game strategy are constrained by critical moment and situational variables in elite futsal. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(21). https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2019.1640567
- Osti, L., Disegna, M., & Brida, J. G. (2012). Repeat visits and intentions to revisit a sporting event and its nearby desti-nations. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 18(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766711428803
- Palmer, C. (2018). More Than Just a Game: The Consequences of Golf Tourism. In B. W. Ritchie & D. Adair (Eds.), Sport Tourism Interrelationships, Impacts and Issues. Channel View Publications
- Parker, C., & Mathews, B. P. (2001). Customer satisfaction: Contrasting academic and consumers' interpretations. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 19(1), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634500110363790
- Petrick, J. F. (2002). An examination of golf vacationers’ novelty. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 384-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00040-8
- Ramírez-Hurtado, J. M., & Berbel-Pineda, J. M. (2015). Identification of Segments for Overseas Tourists Playing Golf in Spain: A Latent Class Approach. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2014.934980
- Robinson, M. J., & Carpenter, R. (2002). The Day of the Week’s Impact on Selected Socio-demographic Characteris-tics and Consumption Patterns of Spectators at a Ladies Professional Golf Association Event. Sport Marketing Quar-terly, 11(4), 242-247.
- Santos, M. (2012). An attendance behavior model at sports events: comparison and constrast of two models. Sport Science Review, 21(1–2), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10237-012-0002-x
- Schreyer, R., Lime, D. W., & Williams, D. R. (1984). Characterizing the influence of past experience on recreation behavior. Journal of Leisure Research, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1984.11969571
- Shani, A., Wang, Y., Hutchinson, J., & Lai, F. (2010). Applying expenditure-based segmentation on special-interest tourists: The case of golf travelers. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346852
- Scott, A. K. S., & Turco, D. M. (2009). Distinguishing Event Spectator spending Profiles: Projected Impacts of the 2009 US Open Golf Championship. Choregia: Sport Management International Journal, 5(1), 39–54.
- Theodorakis, N. D., & Alexandris, K. (2008). Can service quality predict spectators’ behavioral intentions in profes-sional soccer? Managing Leisure, 13(3–4), 162-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/13606710802200852
- Vila-Lorenzo, L., & Guzmán-Luján, J. F. (2023). Reasons for practice, hiring and perception of personal training ser-vice in premium clients. Retos, 51, 149–158. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99572
- Zhao, Y. (2021). Sports Enterprise Marketing and Financial Risk Management Based on Decision Tree and Data Min-ing. Journal of Healthcare Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7632110