Accountability of the media as seen by Spanish citizens
- Juan-Carlos Suárez-Villegas 1
- Ruth Rodríguez-Martínez 2
- Jesús Díaz-Campo 3
-
1
Universidad de Sevilla
info
-
2
Universitat Pompeu Fabra
info
-
3
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja
info
ISSN: 2386-7876
Año de publicación: 2021
Título del ejemplar: Special Issue: Visual motifs and representations of power in the public sphere
Volumen: 34
Número: 2
Páginas: 177-191
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Comunicación y sociedad = Communication & Society
Resumen
This article analyses the opinions of citizens on the core values of the so-called Media accountability: truthfulness, independence, transparency, public participation and respect for peoples’ rights. It also analyses citizens’ perceptions of various deontological instruments to measure the effectiveness of compliance with these ethical values. The qualitative methodology used to carry out this analysis is part of the R+D+I research project “Accountability and Journalistic Cultures project in Spain. Impact and proposal of good practices in the Spanish media” (MediaACES), which has been achieved through six focus groups in different Spanish cities. The results of the analysis reflect the critical spirit of citizens towards the media due to the following factors: the absence of objectivity, the mixture of economic interests with their editorial line and an ambiguous participation of the public, which requires a better definition of their role within the information process. The conclusions derived from this analysis allow us to reflect on several aspects: among others, the competition in a deregulated market leads to infotainment and affects the quality of information, as well as the rights of people affected by the news. At the same time, the excess of information channels leads to greater disinformation, under the appearance of a spontaneous pluralism that is superfluous. Ethics, therefore, seems to be a necessary requirement to differentiate professional journalism from other inappropriate information channels and to guarantee the right to information of citizens.
Información de financiación
The results of this article have been developed within the framework of the MediaACES Research Project: “Accountability and journalistic cultures in Spain. Impact and proposal of good practices in the Spanish media”, funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Mineco/Feder, UE, ref.: CSO2015-66404-P) within the State Programme for the Promotion of Scientific and Technical Research of Excellence. https://mediaaccountabilityspain.com.Financiadores
-
MINECO
Spain
- CSO2015-66404-P
Referencias bibliográficas
- Alsius, S. & Salgado, F. (Eds.) (2010). La ética informativa vista por los ciudadanos. Contraste de opiniones entre los periodistas y el público. Barcelona: UOC.
- Center for Internet Studies and Digital Life. Universidad de Navarra. http://www.digitalnewsreport.es/
- Chaparro-Domínguez, M. A., Suárez-Villegas, J. C. & Rodríguez-Martínez, R. (2019). Media Accountability and Journalists: To Whom Do Spanish Professionals Feel Responsible? Journalism Practice. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2019.1655470
- Council of Europe (2015a). Media responsibility and ethics in a changing media environment. 2015 – Rec. 2075.
- Council of Europe (2015b). Media responsibility and ethics in a changing media environment. 2015 – Res. 2066.
- Craft, S., Vos, T. P. & Wolfgang, D. (2016). Reader Comments as Press Criticism: Implications for the Journalistic Field. Journalism, 17(6), 677–693. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1464884915579332
- Cruz-Álvarez, J. & Suárez-Villegas, J. C. (2017). Pautas deontológicas para el Periodismo Digital. El profesional de la información, 26(2), 249-254.
- Eberwein, T., Fengler, S., Philipp, S. & Ille, M. (2014). Counting Media Accountability –the Concept and Methodology of the MediaAcT Survey. In S. Fengler, T. Eberwein, G. Mazzoleni & C. Porlezza (Eds.), Journalists and Media Accountability: An International Study of News People in a Digital Age (pp. 65-79). New York: Peter Lang.
- Eberwein, T., Fengler, S., Lauk, E. & Leppik-Bork, T. (Eds.) (2011). Mapping media accountability – in Europe and beyond. Köln: Herbert Von Halem Verlag.
- Fengler, S. et al. (2015). How Effective is Media Selfregulation? Results from a Comparative survey of European Journalists. European Journal of Communication, 30(3), 249-266. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0267323114561009
- Frost, C. (2011). Journalism ethics and regulation. London: Longman.
- Gil de Zúñiga, H. & Hinsley, A. (2013). The press versus the public: What is “good journalism”? Journalism studies, 14(6), 926-942. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2012.744551
- Hallin, D. C. & Mancini, P. (2004). Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Herrera Damas, S. & Maciá Barber, C. (2010). Periodistas y ciudadanía ante la mixtura de información y opinión en los mensajes periodísticos. Investigación de campo en la Comunidad de Madrid (2007-2009). Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico, 16, 185-208.
- Karlsson, M. & Clerwall, C. (2019). Cornerstones in journalism: According to citizens. Journalism Studies, 20(8), 1184-1199. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2018.1499436
- Kovach, B. & Rosenstiel, T. (2001). The elements of journalism: What news people should know and the public should expect. New York: Three Rivers.
- Lunt, P. & Livingstone, S. (1996). Rethinking the focus group in media and communications research. Journal of Communication, 46(2), 79-98.
- Maciá-Barber, C. (2014). La sostenibilidad ética de la empresa periodística: la percepción y el discurso de los directivos de los medios. Dilemata año 6, 14, 19-35.
- Mauri-Ríos, M. & Ramon-Vegas, X. (2015). Nuevos sistemas de rendición de cuentas de la información periodística. Una exploración del escenario online español. El profesional de la información, 24(4), 380-389. https://www.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.04
- Ojala, M., Pantti, M. & Laaksonen, S. M. (2018). Networked Publics as Agents of Accountability: Online Interactions between Citizens, the Media and Immigration Officials during the European Refugee Crisis. New Media & Society, 21, 279-297. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818794592
- Ramon, X., Mauri-Ríos, M. & Díaz-Campo, J. (2020). Instrumentos de rendición de cuentas impulsados por los medios de comunicación: percepción de los periodistas y ciudadanos españoles. Revista de Comunicación, 19(1), 221-241. https://www.doi.org/10.26441/RC19.1-2020-A13
- Rodríguez-Martínez, R., Mauri-De los Ríos, M. & Fedele, M. (2017). Criticism in Journalism as an Accountability Instrument: The Opinion of Spanish Journalists. Communication & Society, 30(1), 57-72. https://www.doi.org/10.15581/003.30.1.57-72
- Roses, S. & Gómez-Calderón, B. (2015). Credibilidad de los medios en España: divergencias de percepción y caracterización de los escépticos. El profesional de la información, 24(4), 432-439. https://www.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.10.
- Serrano-Puche, J. (2017). Credibilidad y confianza en los medios de comunicación: un panorama de la situación en España. In M. González & M. Valderrama (Coords.) (2017), Discursos comunicativos persuasivos hoy (pp. 427-438). Madrid: Tecnos.
- Suárez-Villegas, J. C. (2011). Ética periodística y ciudadanía. Estudio sobre la ética de los medios de comunicación analizados por los periodistas y por la ciudadanía andaluza. Madrid: Dykinson.
- Suárez-Villegas, J. C., Rodríguez-Martínez, R., Mauri-Ríos, M. & López Meri, A. (2017). Accountability y culturas periodísticas en España. Impacto y propuesta de buenas prácticas en los medios de comunicación españoles (MediaACES). Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 72(3), 321-330. https://www.doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2017-1167
- Van der Wurff, R. & Schönbach, K. (2014). Audience Expectations of Media Accountability in the Netherlands. Journalism Studies, 15(2), 121-137. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2013.801679
- Zalbidea Bengoa, B., Pérez Fuente, J. C., Urrutia Izaguirre, S. & López Pérez, S. (2010). Valoración profesional y social de los códigos éticos del periodismo en Euskadi. II Congreso Internacional Latina de Comunicación Social. Retrieved from http://www.revistalatinacs.org/10SLCS/actas_2010/36Karlos.p