El litoral onubense en época turdetanaentre Tarteso y Roma

Zusammenfassung

The present paper tries to synthesize what was exposed in the "XIX ]ornadas de Arqueologia y Territorio de Aljaraque", which in turn consisted of the presentation of the most important contributions of our PHD, "La Turdetania Atlantica. Dinamica poblacional y evolución cultural (siglos V1-III a.C.)" (Toscano Perez, 2016). The general goal of the present work is the reconstruction of the historical process of the society that inhabited the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula in the II Iron Age by looking at the diachronic evolution of the territory. Within this general process special emphasis will be placed on specific historical aspects of the evolution of this territory, for which we will try to ask to the most important questions about the II Iron Age. Firstly, we will treat ethnicity from the anthropological perspective, so that we define concepts such as ethnicity or culture, as well as from archeology, in order to be able to differentiate cultural groups in the territory we studied. One of the main topics is the new hypothesis that would explain the so-called "crisis of the 6th century B.C.", based on the effects of an epidemic outbreak of falciparum malaria, since all the necessary conditions for the propagation of such an outbreak were met in the southwest of the peninsula. Other basic aspect that will be treated, with the depth that the sources allow us, is the change in the pattern of settlement that takes place during centuries V and IV a.C., almost generalized, in the southwest peninsular. Also, we will try to give it the weight that corresponds to the preserved vestiges of the presence of the Barca in the territory, especially in the cities, where they focused their efforts. Likewise, we will trace the traces of the Second Punic War on the Tierra Llana of Huelva.