Promoting school success through mindfulness-based interventions in early childhood
- Pablo Luna Nogales 1
- Javier Cejudo Prado 1
- Alfonso Moreno Gómez 1
-
1
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
info
ISSN: 1136-1034
Año de publicación: 2020
Volumen: 25
Número: 2
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicodidáctica
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como finalidad evaluar la eficacia del programa Mindkinder basado en atención plena (mindfulness) sobre la adaptación escolar, los problemas conductuales escolares y los resultados escolares en alumnado de Educación Infantil. Se utiliza un diseño cuasi-experimental de medidas repetidas pretest-postest con grupo de control. Los participantes en el estudio son 118 alumnos y alumnas (55.2% eran niñas y el 44.8% eran niños). El alumnado tiene de 5 a 6 años (M = 5.69, DT = .37). El programa se implementa durante las horas lectivas. Los resultados muestran que el programa estimula en los grupos experimentales una mejora significativa en algunas variables de adaptación escolar, problemas conductuales escolares y resultados escolares. Estos resultados sugieren que los programas de atención plena pueden ser eficaces en la promoción de la adaptación escolar y mejora de los resultados escolares en la infancia. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos y se realizan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
Referencias bibliográficas
- Arthurson, K. (2015). Teaching mindfulness to year sevens as part of health and personal development. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40(5), 27–40.
- Bakosh, L. S., Snow, R. M., Tobias, J. M., Houlihan, J. L., y Barbosa-Leiker, C. (2015). Maximizing mindful learning: An innovative mindful awareness intervention improves elementary school students’ quarterly grades. Mindfulness, 7(1), 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0387-6
- Bakosh, L. S., Tobias Mortlock, J. M., Querstret, D., y Morison, L. (2018). Audioguided mindfulness training in schools and its effect on academic attainment: Contributing to theory and practice. Learning and Instruction, 58, 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2018.04.012
- Barkley, R. A. (2001). The executive functions and self-regulation: An evolutionary neuropsychological perspective. Neuropsychology Review, 11(1), 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009085417776
- Beaucheim, J., Hutchins, T., y Patterson, F. (2008). Mindfulness meditation may lessen anxiety, promote social skills and improve academic performance among adolescents with learning disabilities. Complementary Health Practice Review, 13(1), 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107311624
- Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L. E., Anderson, N., y Carmody, J. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology, 11(3), 230–241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph077
- Blair, C., y Razza, R. P. (2007). Relating effortful control, executive function, and false belief understanding to emerging math and literacy ability in kindergarten. Child Development, 78(2), 647–663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01019.x
- Brown, K. W., y Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
- Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., y Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 211–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598298
- Carsley, D., Heath, N. L., y Fajnerova, S. (2015). Effectiveness of a classroom mindfulness coloring activity for test anxiety in children. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 31(3), 239–255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15377903.2015.1056925
- Crane, R. S., Kuyken, W., Williams, J. M. G., Hastings, P. R., Cooper, L., y Fennell, M. J. V. (2012). Competence in teaching mindfulness-based courses: Concepts, development and assessment. Mindfulness, 3(1), 76–84.
- Crescentini, C., Capurso, V., Furlan, S., y Fabbro, F. (2016). Mindfulnessoriented meditation for primary school children: Effects on attention and psychological wellbeing. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(805), 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00805
- Davis, T. S. (2012). Mindfulness-based approaches and their potential for educational psychology practice. Educational Psychology in Practice, 28(1), 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2011.639348
- Feagans-Gould, L., Dariotis, J. K., Greenberg, M. T., y Mendelson, T. (2016). Assessing fidelity of implementation (FOI) for school-based mindfulness and yoga interventions: A systematic review. Mindfulness, 7(1), 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0395-6
- Felver, J. C., Celis-de Hoyos, C. E., Tezanos, K., y Singh, N. N. (2016). A systematic review of mindfulness-based interventions for youth in school settings. Mindfulness, 7(1), 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0389-4
- Flook, L., Goldberg, S. B., Pinger, L., y Davidson, R. J. (2015). Promoting prosocial behavior and self-regulatory skills in children through a mindfulness-based kindness curriculum. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038256
- Flook, L., Smalley, S. L., Kitil, M., Galla, B. M., Kaiser-Greenland, S., Locke, J., y . . .Kasari, C. (2010). Effects of mindful awareness practices on executive functions in elementary school children. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 26(1), 70–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15377900903379125
- Garaigordobil, M. (2000). Intervención psicológica con adolescentes: Un programa para el desarrollo de la personalidad y la educación en derechos humanos. Madrid, EspanÌa: Pirámide.
- Garaigordobil, M., y Maganto, C. (2014). SPECI. Screening for children’s emotional and behavioral problems: Description and psychometric data. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 4(1), 319–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v4.618
- González-Mesa, G., y Amigo-Vázquez, I. (2018). Effects of mindfulness in the field of education: A systematic review. Journal of Psychology and Education, 13(1), 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23923/rpye2018.01.159
- Greenberg, M. T., y Harris, A. R. (2012). Nurturing mindfulness in children and youth: Current state of research. Child Development Perspectives, 6(2), 161–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00215.x
- Gueldner, B. A., y Feuerborn, L. L. (2016). Integrating mindfulness-based practice’s into social and emotional learning: A case application. Mindfulness, 7(1), 164–175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0423-6
- Hölzel, B. K., Lazar, S. W., Gard, T., Schuman-Olivier, Z., Vago, D. R., y Ott, U. (2011). How does mindfulness meditation work? Proposing mechanisms of action from a conceptual and neural perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(6), 537–559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691611419671
- Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Mindfulness meditation for everyday life. New York, NY: Hyperion.
- Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016
- Klingbeil, D. A., Renshaw, T. B., Willenbrink, J. B., Copek, R. A., Chan, K. T., Haddock, A., y . . . Clifton, J. (2017). Mindfulness-based interventions with youth: A comprehensive meta-analysis of group-design studies. Journal of School Psychology, 63, 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2017.03.006
- Lim, X., y Qu, L. (2017). The effect of single-session mindfulness training on preschool children’s attentional control. Mindfulness, 8(2), 300–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0600-2
- Lombas, A. S., Jiménez, T. I., Arguís-Rey, R., Hernández-Paniello, S., Valdivia-Salas, S., y Martín-Albo, J. (2019). Impact of the happy classrooms programme on psychological well-being, school aggression, and classroom climate. Mindfulness, 10(8), 1642–1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01132-8
- López-González, L., Herrero-Fernández, D., Amutio, A., Santamaría, T., y van Gordon, W. (2019). Validation of a scale for assessing social validity in mindfulness-based educational programs. Mindfulness, 10(9), 1870–1882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01138-2
- Meiklejohn, J., Phillips, C., Freedman, M. L., Griffin, M. L., Biegel, G., Roach, A., y . . . Saltzman, A. (2012). Integrating mindfulness training into K-12 education: Fostering the resilience of teachers and students. Mindfulness, 3(4), 291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0094-5
- Modrego-Alarcón, M., Martínez-Val, L., López-Montoyo, A., Borao, L., Margolles, R., y García-Campayo, J. (2016). Mindfulness in educational settings: Teachers who learn and teachers who teach mindfulness. Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado, 87(30.3), 31–46.
- Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., y . . . Caspi, A. (2011). A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 2693–2698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010076108
- Moreno-Gómez, A. J., y Cejudo, J. (2019). Effectiveness of a mindfulness-based social-emotional learning program on psychosocial adjustment and neuropsychological maturity in kindergarten children. Mindfulness, 10(1), 111–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0956-6
- Napoli, M., Krech, P. R., y Holley, L. C. (2005). Mindfulness training for elementary school students: The attention academy. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 21(1), 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J370v21n01 05
- Poehlmann-Tynan, J., Vigna, A. B., Weymotuh, L. A., Gerstein, E. D., Burnson, C., Zabransky, M., y . . . Zahn-Waxler, C. (2016). A pilot study of contemplative practices with economically disadvantaged preschoolers: children’s empathic and self-regulatory behaviors. Mindfulness, 7(1), 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0426-3
- Razza, R. A., Bergen-Cico, D., y Raymond, K. (2015). Enhancing preschoolers’ selfregulation via mindful yoga. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(2), 372–385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-013-9847-6
- Renshaw, T. L. (2012). Mindfulness-based practices for crisis prevention and intervention. En S. E. Brock y S. R. Jimerson (Eds.), Handbook of school crisis prevention and intervention (pp. 401–422). Bethesda, MA: National Association of School Psychologists.
- Renshaw, T. L., Bolognino, S. J., Fletcher, S. P., y Long, A. C. J. (2015). Using mindfulness to improve well-being in schools. NASP Communiqué, 43(6), 4–8.
- Renshaw, T. L., y O’Malley, M. D. (2014). Cultivating mindfulness in students. En M. J. Furlong, R. Gilman, y E. S. Huebner (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology in the schools (pp. 245–259). New York, NY: Routledge.
- Reynolds, C. R., y Kamphaus, R. W. (2004). Behavior assessment system for children (2nd ed.). Circle Pines, MN: AGS.
- Ricarte, J. J., Ros, L., Latorre, J. M., y Beltrán, M. T. (2015). Mindfulness-based intervention in a rural primary school: Effects on attention, concentration and mood. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 8(3), 258–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/ijct 2015 8 03
- Saltzman, A., y Goldin, P. (2010). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for school age children. En A. Saltzman y P. Goldin (Eds.), Acceptance and mindfulness treatment for children and adolescents (pp. 139–156). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger.
- Sampaio-de-Carvalho, J., Marques-Pinto, A., y Marôco, J. (2017). Results of a mindfulness-based social-emotional learning program on Portuguese elementary students and teachers: A quasiexperimental study. Mindfulness, 8(2), 337–350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0603-z
- Schonert-Reichl, K. S., y Lawlor, M. S. (2010). The effects of a mindfulnessbased education program on pre-and early adolescents’ well-being and social and emotional competence. Mindfulness, 1(3), 137–151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-010-0011-8
- Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M. S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T. F., y Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: A randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038454
- Tabachnick, B. G., y Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). New York, NY: Allyn and Bacon.
- Tang, Y. Y., Hölzel, B. K., y Posner, M. I. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(4), 213–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn3916
- Tarrasch, R., Margalit-Shalom, L., y Berger, R. (2017). Enhancing visual perception and motor accuracy among school children through a mindfulness and compassion program. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(281) http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00281
- Terjestam, Y., Bengtsson, H., y Jansson, A. (2016). Cultivating awareness at school Effects on effortful control, peer relations and well-being at school in grades 5, 7, and 8. School Psychology International, 37(5), 456–469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143034316658321
- Thierry, K. L., Bryant, H. L., Nobles, S. S., y Norris, K. S. (2016). Two-year impact of a mindfulness-based program on preschoolers’ self-regulation and academic performance. Early Childhood Education, Education and Development, 27(6), 805–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1141616
- Zabalza, M. (1996). Didáctica de la Educación Infantil. Madrid, EspanÌa: Narcea. Zenner, C., Herrnleben-Kurz, S., y Walach, H. (2014). Mindfulness-based interventions in schools-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 5(603), 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00603
- Zoogman, S., Goldberg, S. B., Hoyt, W. T., y Miller, L. (2014). Mindfulness interventions with youth: A meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 6(2), 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0260-4