Stress, competence, and parental educational styles in victims and aggressors of bullying and cyberbullying

  1. Maite Garaigordobil 1
  2. Juan Manuel Machimbarrena 1
  1. 1 Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
    info

    Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

    Lejona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/000xsnr85

Aldizkaria:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Argitalpen urtea: 2017

Alea: 29

Zenbakia: 3

Orrialdeak: 335-340

Mota: Artikulua

DOI: 10.7334/PSICOTHEMA2016.258 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Psicothema

Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuak

Laburpena

Background: The family can be a protective/risk factor for violence. The study analyzes differences in family variables (parental stress, parental competence and parenting styles) among severe student victims, aggressors, cybervictims, and cyberaggressors (who have very frequently suffered or carried out bullying/cyberbullying behaviors in the past year) and those who have neither suffered nor carried out any aggressive behavior or only occasionally. Method: Participants were 1,993 students in the 5th-6th grade (9-13 years old). Results: Victims and aggressors of bullying had parents with higher levels of parental stress, who used more authoritarian educational styles (low affection, coercive discipline, high control), and more permissive practices (high affection/overprotection, low demand/control); parents of aggressors also had a lower level of parental competence. Cybervictims had parents with higher parental stress who used more permissive educational styles. Cyberaggressors had parents with a low level of parental competence. Conclusions: The family context is relevant for bullying/cyberbullying, but family variables have more influence on bullying than on cyberbullying.

€ Ikusi finantzaketa

Finantzaketari buruzko informazioa

The study was financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness (MINECO) (PSI2012-30956), by the Department of Education of the Basque Government (IT-638-13), and by the University of the Basque Country (PPG17/31).

Finantzatzaile

Erreferentzia bibliografikoak

  • Abdirahman, H., Fleming, L. C., & Jacobsen, K. H. (2013). Parental involvement and bullying among middle-school students in North Africa. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 19, 227-233.
  • Alonso, J., & Román, J. M. (2003). PEF: Escalas de Identifi cación de Prácticas Educativas Familiares [PEF: Family Educational Practices Identification Scales]. Madrid: CEPE.
  • Baldry, A. C., & Farrington, D. (2005). Protective factors as moderators of risk factors in adolescence bullying. Social Psychology of Education, 8, 263-284. doi:10.1007/s11218-005-5866-5
  • Bayot, A., & Hernández, J. V. (2008). Evaluación de la competencia parental [Scale of Sensed Parental Competencies]. Madrid: CEPE
  • Berry, J. O., & Jones, W. H. (1995). The parental Stress Scale: Initial psychometric evidence. Journal of Social and Personal Relationship, 12, 463-472. doi:10.1177/0265407595123009
  • Bibou-Nakou, I., Tsiantis, J., Assimopoulos, H., & Chatzilambou, P. (2013). Bullying/victimization from a family perspective: A qualitative study of secondary school students’ views. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28, 53-71. doi:10.1007/s10212-011-0101-6
  • Buodo, G., Moscardino, U., Scrimin, S., Altoè, G., & Palomba, D. (2013). Parenting stress and externalizing behavior symptoms in children: The impact of emotional reactivity. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 44, 786-797. doi:10.1007/s10578-013-0371-0
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Dehue, F., Bolman, C., Vollink, T., & Pouwelse, M. (2012). Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in relation to adolescents’ perception of parenting. Journal of CyberTherapy and Rehabilitation, 5, 25-34.
  • Dodge, K. A., Coie, J. D., & Lynam, D. (2006). Aggression and antisocial behavior in youth. In N. Eisenberg, D. William & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 719-788). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Ehrenreich, S. E., Beron, K. J., Brinkley, D. Y., & Underwood, M. K. (2014). Family predictors of continuity and change in social and physical aggression from ages 9 to 18. Aggressive Behavior, 40, 421-439. doi:10.1002/ab.21535
  • Estévez, E., Murgui, G., Musitu, G., & Moreno, D. (2008). Adolescent aggression: Effects of gender and family and school environments. Journal of Adolescence, 31, 433-450. doi:10.1016/j. adolescence.2007.09.007
  • Fanti, K. A., Demetriou, A. G., & Hawa, V. V. (2012). A longitudinal study of cyberbullying: Examining risk and protective factors. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 168-181. doi:10.1080/1740 5629.2011.643169
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2013). Cyberbullying. Screening de acoso entre iguales [Cyberbullying. Screening of Peer Harassment]. Madrid: TEA.
  • Georgiou, S. N., Fousiani, K., Michaelides, M., & Stavrinides, P. (2013). Cultural value orientation and authoritarian parenting as parameters of bullying and victimization at school. International Journal of Psychology, 48, 69-78. doi:10.1080/00207594.2012.754104
  • Healy, K. L., Sanders, M. R., & Iyer, A. (2015). Parenting practices, children’s peer relationships and being bullied at school. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 127-140. doi:10.1007/s10826-013-9820-4
  • Khamis, V. (2015). Bullying among school-age children in the greater Beirut area: Risk and protective factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 39, 137-146. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.005
  • Khurana, A., Bleakley, A., Jordan, A. B., & Romer, D. (2015). The protective effects of parental monitoring and internet restriction on adolescents’ risk of online harassment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44, 1039-1047. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0242-4
  • Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 1073-1137. doi:10.1037/a0035618
  • Larrañaga, E., Yubero, S., Ovejero, A., & Navarro, R. (2016). Loneliness, parent-child communication and cyberbullying victimization among Spanish youths. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 1-8. doi:10.1016/j. chb.2016.08.015
  • Lee, C. H., & Song, J. (2012). Functions of parental involvement and effects of school climate on bullying behaviors among South Korean middle school students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27, 2437-2464. doi:10.1177/0886260511433508
  • Liu, L., & Wang, M. (2015). Parenting stress and children’s problem behavior in China: The mediating role of parental psychological aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 29, 20-28. doi:10.1037/fam0000047
  • Low, S., & Espelage, D. (2013). Differentiating cyber bullying perpetration from non-physical bullying: Commonalities across race, individual, and family predictors. Psychology of Violence, 3, 39-52. doi:10.1037/a0030308
  • Makri-Botsari, E., & Karagianni, G. (2014). Cyberbullying in Greek adolescents: The role of parents. 5th World Conference on Educational Sciences, 116, 3241-3253. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.742
  • Morcillo, C., Ramos-Olazagasti, M. A., Blanco, C., Sala, R., Canino, G., Bird, H., & Duarte, C. S. (2015). Socio-cultural context and bulling others in childhood. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 2241-2249. doi:10.1007/s10826-014-0026-1
  • Oronoz, B., Alonso-Arbiol, I., & Balluerka, N. (2007). A Spanish Adaptation of the Parental Stress Scale. Psicothema, 19, 687-692.
  • Ortega-Barón, J., Buelga, S., & Cava, M. J. (2016). The influence of school climate and family climate among adolescents victims of cyberbullying. Comunicar, 24, 57-65. doi:10.3916/C46-2016-06
  • Samper-García, P., Mestre-Escrivá, V., & Malonda, E. (2015). Victimization at school: Relationship of parenting and functional-dysfunctional developmental variables. Anales de Psicología, 31, 849-858. doi:10.6018/analesps.31.3.173291
  • Torío, S., Peña, J. V., & Inda, M. (2008). Estilos de educación familiar [Parenting styles]. Psicothema, 20, 62-70.
  • Wang, J., Nansel, T. R., & Iannotti, R. J. (2011). Cyber and traditional bullying: Differential association with depression. Journal of Adolescent Health, 48, 415-417. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.012
  • Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004). Youth engaging in online harassment: Associations with caregiver-child relationships, internet use, and personal characteristics. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 319-336. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.03.007
Datuen iturria: Dialnet